Household Rug & Floor Cleaning
Equipment - Information
Selecting Rug and/or Floor Cleaning Equipment
for residential use necessitates several, immediate decisions:
(1) will you be cleaning the rug with a wet or with a dry cleaning method? (2)
if a wet cleaning method, will you want to use a "box" machine with a hose and
wand assembly; or, will you prefer a "self-contained" unit with an add-on (or,
attached) hose (3) if considering a bare floor cleaning unit will you be
scrubbing or just buffing the floor? (4) will you need to sand or strip the
floor periodically, etc., as well? and most importantly (5) what kind of quality
are you looking for in any of the above equipment selections (this decision will
greatly affect the quality of the results). If you would like, click on
Suggestions
to go to our page on Suggestions on which type of carpet cleaner to own.
The following section is broken down
into a number of parts: (1) Methods of Cleaning Carpets (2) Characteristics and
Types of Results to be expected from each method and (3) Procedures for Carpet
Cleaning. The last section - #4 - will deal with Hard Floor Cleaning and
Maintenance
(1)
Methods of Cleaning Carpets
Wet Carpet
Cleaning
-
- Shampooing

- Shampooing is a traditional method of wet
cleaning a carpet whereby a floor machine fitted with a
soft-bristled
shampoo brush - or brushes - (and, sometimes, riding on a supporting, accessory
"dolly" made to control the weight transfer of the floor machine to the carpet)
and a solution tank can be used to dispense a dilute rug shampoo/water solution
which is then scrubbed into the carpet with brush(es)
- The historic advantage of this method is that a
floor machine can also be used for scrubbing and buffing hard floors - thus, one
machine has several functions
- This type of scrubbing on the carpet fibers is
fairly aggressive
- The disadvantages
are that: (1) the machine does not pick the solution back up out of the carpet -
it must air dry (a somewhat lengthy process) and (2) specifically, the carpet
fiber manufacturers are today recommending against the use of larger, rotary
brush(es) because such tend to "flare" the tips of the carpet fiber (makes the
fibers "fuzzy"). Some commercial carpet cleaners use a "two-step" process
whereby they first shampoo the carpet and then immediately come behind with a
wet extraction machine. In this instance, we prefer to see a wet extraction
machine used with an attached, spinning, revolving brush mechanism that
provides the increased agitation similar to a shampooer but allows the process
to take place all at once in one step
- Wet extraction cleaning
- two types of machines for home use

- A box machine which uses a hose and a wand
- The user controls the application of a dilute
carpet cleaning solution and uses a
wand with a triangular-shaped head with which the carpet is scrubbed back and
forth
- The solution is sprayed into the carpet under
pressure - the pressure usually is provided by a pump
- The dirty solution is extracted back by a vacuum
motor into a recovery tank which then can be emptied
- Other accessories such as an upholstery nozzle
can be used in place of the wands and rug head
- A self-contained machine which resembles an
upright vacuum and usually has rotating brush(es) on the bottom to aid in the
cleaning process
- The unit is moved back and forth and, again, the
operator controls the application of a solution which is injected into the
carpet under pressure and then extracted back into a recovery chamber
- The brushes help scrub the carpets clean
- On the better units, an accessory hose is
attached whereby the user can clean stairs, cars and upholstery
- Dry carpet cleaning
- A dry carpet cleaning machine is used with a
brush or brushes that effectively scrub a dry cleaning agent into the carpet
- The dry cleaning agent is usually sprinkled onto
the carpet by hand - some units can also dispense the agent from a compartment
on the machine
- After the brushing process the agent is then
allowed to remain in the carpet for varying periods of time (usually, several
hours or so) and is then vacuumed out with the regular vacuum
- Dry Steam Vapor Cleaning

- A Dry Steam Vapor Cleaning machine is filled
with water only - no chemicals - and the machine produces a hot, dry
steam vapor which is then used to not only clean but instantly sanitize the
carpet
- The heat at 2000F on contact
destroys dust mites, bacteria, mold
- The low water content - about 5% water - allows
the carpet to dry extremely fast - in most instances within half an hour
- By eliminating chemicals oneself eliminates a
variety of toxins
- The unit can also be used to clean and sanitize
almost any conceivable surface including:
- Floors of all types including wood floors
- Walls & ceilings
- Wallpaper
- Sinks & faucets
- Countertops
- Ovens, stoves, rotisseries & grills
- Refrigerators
- Toilets
- Showers
- Automobile interiors
- Upholstery & drapes
- Etc.
- Please
"click" here if you
would like to connect to our webpage on the wonderful
LadyBugXL Dry Steam Vapor Cleaning System
(2)
Results of Carpet Cleaning Methods
Generally speaking, a wet carpet cleaning method is a
more thorough, aggressive method compared to a dry cleaning method. A wet
solution can more thoroughly penetrate a carpet; thus, resulting in a more
complete result. A few caveats should be noticed:
- Most wet carpet cleaning methods employ a
chemical based on the alkaline side to effectively clean the average, synthetic
carpet and the water used should be hot water
- A natural fiber carpet such as wool should be
cleaned on the "sour", or, acid side and the water should be cold
- There is a dry time associated with wet cleaning
that does not apply to dry cleaning
- During the dry time oneself should not walk upon
the carpet cleaned with a wet method. The dry cleaned carpet, however, can be,
essentially, freely walked on with no adverse results
- A wet method is a bit more involved than a dry
method - i.e., chemicals have to be mixed, the fresh solution tank on the carpet
cleaner filled and the recovery tank emptied as needed
- Care has to be taken with furniture so that a
wet cleaning solution does not cause either wood furniture legs to "bleed" stain
or metal legs to rust onto the carpet
- Thus, the furniture has to be protected with
styrofoam blocks or tinfoil, etc. under the legs
A dry cleaning method
has certain advantages:
- It is bit faster over all
- It requires less effort
- While there is a "dwell" time involved for the
cleaning agent there is, essentially, no "dry" time
- The carpet can be walked upon at any point
during or after application
- It is important that a good vacuum be used to
effectively remove all the dry cleaning agent
- While a rotary floor machine such as is used for
wet shampooing of a carpet can also be used for dry cleaning a carpet, the best
dry cleaning equipment is "dedicated" for this purpose and uses a horizontally
rotating brush - or, brushes - both to effectively apply the drycleaning agent
and to also avoid carpet "flaring"
(3) Procedures for Carpet
Cleaning
The procedures for cleaning carpet are essentially the same whether shampooing,
wet extraction cleaning (we make the distinction of "wet" extraction cleaning
because there is a process called "dry extraction cleaning"; however, it is a
commercial process and is not in the price range of the average homeowner -
maybe Bill Gates might own such a unit) or dry cleaning. The steps to be
followed are listed below:
- Vacuum thoroughly to
remove all possible loose soil
- Spot clean all
individual spots and stains with appropriate spot removers. Only clean a
spot as clean as the rest of the carpet is dirty - i.e., don't overclean a spot
or you will wind up with a clean carpet and a cleaner spot when you are all done
- Prespray the carpet
with an appropriate prespray paying special attention to the dirtier traffic
lanes. Allow the prespray to "dwell" on the carpet approximately 10 - 12
minutes. Do not let the prespray dry - if it does - prespray that area again
before beginning the final cleaning process
- Clean the carpet with
the selected method. Usually, the simplest approach to cleaning an area is to
break it down into sections, or quadrants.
- Shampooing
involves moving the shampooer across the carpet while dispensing the shampoo
solution as needed by means of a dispensing trigger. The carpet is being
scrubbed by the rotary shampoo brush(es). The shampoo is designed to foam and
pull out the embedded soil. As noted above, the shampoo chemical is allowed to
dry and then later vacuumed. A good shampoo formulation is designed to "powder
out" so that no gummy residue is left in the carpet to attract fresh dirt
- Wet extraction cleaning
using a box machine involves moving the extraction wand of a box machine
backwards over the carpet while dispensing the extraction chemical with a
trigger control on the wand. The wand is then moved another two passes back and
forth in the same spot to scrub and to dry (the wand is sucking back the dirty
solution the entire time). With this method, it is necessary to have a fair
amount of solution sprayed onto the carpet as this solution "lubricates" the
carpet fibers and enables a free movement of the wand. This is a very labor
intensive method of carpet cleaning. As with the shampoo method, a good
chemical should not leave a gummy residue in the carpet. Contrary to the
shampoo chemical, a wet extraction chemical is specifically designed not
to foam. A defoaming chemical is available and necessary for those who are wet
extraction cleaning a carpet that has been cleaning prior to that with a shampoo
method. Did you ever see a glass of beer foam when the beer was too hastily
poured? That is what an extraction recovery chamber looks like when any shampoo
chemical residue is extracted at high speed
- Dry carpet cleaning
is the simplest method of all the above. A dry cleaning agent -
frequently resembling moist sawdust - is applied/sprinkled onto the carpet and
then simply brushed thoroughly into the fiber with the dry cleaning unit
(oneself could actually dryclean a carpet by vigorously brushing in the agent
with a soft brush on the end of a broomstick - yeech! too much work). Once dry,
it is vacuumed away
- Dry Steam Vapor Cleaning
offers the sanitizing abilities of 2000F of the dry steam. It also
allows the carpet to dry very quickly. Best of all, it eliminates the use of
the VOCs (Volatile Organic Compounds) - hazardous chemicals - that are present
in all other cleaning methods
(4) Hard Floor Cleaning &
Maintenance
Hard floors can be broken down into a number of different types of surfaces -
i.e., resilient tile, linoleum, rubber, cork, ceramic, slate, granite, marble,
terrazzo and wood. If you have a specific problem or question pertaining to
maintaining any of the above floors, please feel free to
Contact Us via e-mail and we will
respond to your inquiry. The intent of this particular webpage is only to
provide information on different methods of cleaning and maintaining carpet or
hard flooring.
Depending upon the type of surface, hard floors
can be sanded, ground down and resurfaced, stripped, waxed, polished, burnished,
etc. For the average homeowner, the maintenance of a hard floor usually
involves fairly simple procedures such as cleaning or buffing.
Cleaning/Maintaining

- Wood floors
- Most wood flooring today is sealed with a
urethane finish. Thus, oneself is no longer dealing
with
a wood; but, rather, a plastic, surface. This surface can be wetmopped
(suggestion: only with a tightly wrung out mop), or, spraybuffed or dry buffed
with a floor machine. A great way to clean this floor is with a Dry Steam Vapor
Cleaner. Since the surface is literally a hard plastic finish, there is a
limitation as to how much further buffing will enhance the gloss with a
residential type of unit. We do have available small, easy-to-use
commercial-type units that work well on residential wood floors.
- Older wood floors sometimes are still maintained
with a paste wax. In this instance, the wax is usually applied with a steel
wool pad on the bottom of the floor machine. The process cleans dirt and
removes some of the old wax while replacing it with new wax and simultaneously
buffing the wax to a moderate gloss. As noted above, we do have available today
a small commercial-type floor machine that is excellent for this purpose. If a
floor has paste wax on it, oneself really cannot effectively damp mop it - it
can, of course, be swept with a broom or dust mop. Essentially, maintaining
floors with paste wax is an antiquated pain-in-the-neck procedure
- When wood floors become too unsightly, the only
proper remedy is to sand them and refinish them (with a urethane finish).
Usually, if the homeowner wants to do this themself, sanding machines are
rented for this purpose. However, the commercial-type Oreck Orbiter floor
machine we referred to in the immediately preceding paragraphs does an excellent
job of sanding wood floors with a minumum of effort and no swirl marks
from the sanding disks
- Resilient floors
- Resilient floors in a home normally include
linoleum, resilient tile and congoleum floors. Such
can
be maintained with floor machines - scrubbed, polished/buffed, stripped, etc.
They can be waxed with the latest acrylic (plastic) and thermo-acrylic floor
finishes for a "how much gleam do you want?" look. They are the easiest types
of floors to maintain because, when the finish is wearing off, etc. the floor
can be stripped and refinished. These floors can be swept, dry mopped, wet
mopped, wet scrubbed with a floor machine and buffed/polished. A great way to
clean these floors is with a Dry Steam Vapor machine
- Stone floors
- Stone floors include ceramic, slate, quarry
tile, granite and marble. They all can usually be stripped and then have a
stone sealer/finish applied almost exactly like a resilient floor. They can be
swept, dry mopped, wet mopped, wet-scrubbed, and buffed/polished. As well, they
can be cleaned with a Dry Steam Vapor Cleaner. Marble and granite can be
re-honed professionally with floor machines equipped with diamond hones to
restore the original high gloss. This is expensive - a better idea is to seal
the floor with a good stone finish and properly maintain it to prevent the
actual stone surface from being worn and dulled
The above provides a basic primer on carpet
cleaning and hard floor maintenance. The subject is vast, and major books and
manuals have been written on it all.
E-mail us with specific questions and needs and we will respond as we are
best able.